Coaches’ guide: common sports injuries

In sports, coaches are largely praised for a win and blamed when a team loses. They are the motivation behind the success of the team. Being a coach requires more than understanding the game. It requires that you know the common sports injuries, their prevention and how to treat them.
There are long term and acute injuries in sports. Most long term injuries require scheduling a visit with an orthopedic surgeon or physician. However, for the less acute injuries, the coach or trainer may easily take care of them. Below is a walk-through of the common sports injuries and how they can be treated and/or prevented.

·      Cuts, bruises and abrasions

Many players avoid injuries by taking preventive measures. But even then, accidents happen.  In the field, cuts and abrasions are very common. It is typically the duty of the coach or the team doctor to ensure that the first aid kit is equipped with bandages, cotton wool and antiseptics. Once you observe a player bleeding, take them out of practice or the game and safely clean the wound. Blood is infectious and care should be taken when cleaning. The cut should then be dressed to avoid more bleeding or risk of other contaminants. For serious cases, seek medical attention for stitches and examination.

·      Muscle cramps

Some coaches employ the tough approach to players. Yelling and pushing them to the limits. This can lead to muscle cramps due to over-stretching or exertion. Other causes include dehydration, poor conditioning and electrolyte depletion. A coach should know when to stop the training to avoid muscle cramps. If it happens while the player is in action, the player should be pulled off the game and stretch to ease the muscles. Massaging the affected muscle also helps. Muscle cramps are not very serious but can be very painful.

·      Fractures

Broken arms, legs and fingers are some of the common fractures. Fractures in kids should be treated seriously as they may affect their musculoskeletal growth. Fractures could also do some serious damage in adults in sports. A coach should help the recovery process by benching the player till the injury has fully healed.  As a quick first aid tip, you should apply ice and compression technique to avoid inflammation as you wait for professional medical attention. Fractures can be life threatening especially leg fracture affecting the femoral artery. Examine the nature of the fracture and give proper attention.

·      Runners knee

Runners knee is caused by overuse of muscles that lead to tendon irritation. A sharp pain in the kneecap is a sign of runners knee. It affects movement, causing one to limp. It is always good to advise your team to replace insoles and shoes regularly to avoid runners knee. You can also cross train the players to avoid overuse of certain muscles. To avoid further injury, the coach should remove the player from the game and offer some time for rest and rehab.

·      Concussion

Concussion is common in contact sports. The symptoms to watch out for are dizziness, vision disturbance, nausea, disorientation, headaches and loss of balance. It takes a couple of weeks or a month to heal. If not well attended, it can be life threatening. Coaches should examine their players for these signs and take corrective measures if present.

·      Sprains and strains

These types of injuries are painful and result from tendon or ligament tear. An immediate course of action is to place ice on the affected area. Most sprains and strains need the Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation (RICE) approach. The technique reduces inflammation and limits internal bleeding.

Dislocations are another common sport injury, and pain only lasts a few weeks. Players have been known to continue playing with the above injuries. As a coach, help prevent the injuries from becoming more serious by pulling the player out of the activity and offering first aid if possible.

Remember to live life to its Fullest

Dr. Kevin Crawford

4110 22nd Place Lubbock, TX 79410

(806) 792-4329

Disclaimer:  This information is provided as an educational service only, and is not intended as a substitute for medical advice.  Anyone seeking specific medical advice or assistance should consult his or her doctor or orthopedic surgeon.